Abstract
In this paper, we present a technique for the automatic optimization of a right-hand circular-polarized (RHCP) linear slotted array in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology for the so-called “last-mile”communications, in which a narrow (broad) beam is required in the elevation (azimuthal) plane. The procedure can be divided into two steps; i) the optimization of isolated single slot pairs, by means of two physics-based functionals able to minimize both slot pair back-scattering and axial-ratio, ii) the optimization of the entire linear array of slot pairs, by means of a global functional able to match the co-polar component of the synthesized aperture distribution to the target one, i.e., a uniform magnetic current distribution to radiate a narrow beam in the elevation plane. A prototype of array was optimized at 24.3GHz and measured in the bandwidth [24.1, 24.5]GHz, showing a fair agreement against full-wave simulations, thus validating the exposed techniques.
Highlights
Substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs) are a promising technology for the design of low-cost and low-profile planar electromagnetic (EM) devices at microwaves/millimeter waves, for the control of guided waves [1]–[5] and for the design of low-cost planar antennas [6]–[10]
Radial-line slot-arrays (RLSA), i.e. radial waveguides loaded by several slots on their top plate, in order to shape an arbitrary desired aperture field distribution, both for antenna [14]–[18] and focusing [19]–[23] applications
In [24], the Authors introduced the technique here investigated to design and optimize a circular polarized (CP) fan-beam linear array in SIW, but neither experimental validation of the proposed technique nor the detailed synthesis of the entire array was presented at that time
Summary
Substrate integrated waveguides (SIWs) are a promising technology for the design of low-cost and low-profile planar electromagnetic (EM) devices at microwaves/millimeter waves, for the control of guided waves [1]–[5] and for the design of low-cost planar antennas [6]–[10]. In this paper we extend the automatic techniques developed for the optimization of CP RLSA antennas [15] to design and optimize a sectoral beam CP linear array in SIW technology, by considering the slot pair relative positions and lengths are modified during the optimization loop, and their mutual orientations, in order to improve the polarization purity of the radiated field. Such optimized slot pairs are stored in a database (DB) for different lengths and used as building blocks for synthesizing the starting array configuration.
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