Abstract
Early vigour of seedlings is a beneficial trait of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) that contributes to weed control, water use efficiency and is likely to contribute to yield under certain environments. Although breeding is considered the most effective approach to improve early vigour of field pea, the absence of a robust and high-throughput phenotyping tool to dissect this complex trait is currently a major obstacle of genetic improvement programs to address this issue. To develop this tool, separate trials on 44 genetically diverse field pea genotypes were conducted in the automated plant phenotyping platform of Plant Phenomics Victoria, Horsham and in the field, respectively. High correlation between estimated plant parameters derived from the automated phenotyping platform and important early vigour traits such as shoot biomass, leaf area and plant height indicated that the derived plant parameters can be used to predict vigour traits in field pea seedlings. Plant growth analysis demonstrated that the “broken-stick” model fitted well with the growth pattern of all field pea genotypes and can be used to determine the linear growth phase. Further analysis suggested that the estimated plant parameters collected at the linear growth phase can effectively differentiate early vigour across field pea genotypes. High correlation between normalised difference vegetation indices captured from the field trial and estimated shoot biomass and top-view area confirmed the consistent performance of early vigour field pea genotypes under controlled and field environments. Overall, our results demonstrated that this robust screening tool is highly applicable and will enable breeding programs to rapidly identify early vigour traits and utilise germplasm to contribute to the genetic improvement of field peas.
Highlights
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a legume crop that is widely grown around the world with annual production of c. 11 million metric tonnes produced from 6.9 million hectares of cultivated land [1]
The results showed that the estimated and measured traits are highly correlated for all 44 field pea genotypes (Fig 2)
To compare the performance of pea genotypes in the field and controlled environment, we identified the association between normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values collected from the field trial and estimated biomass (EB) and top-view area (TVA) derived from imaging-based phenotyping in the Plant Phenomics Victoria, Horsham (Fig 5)
Summary
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a legume crop that is widely grown around the world with annual production of c. 11 million metric tonnes produced from 6.9 million hectares of cultivated land [1]. Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a legume crop that is widely grown around the world with annual production of c. Australia is among the 10 largest field pea producing countries, where the crop. Phenotyping for early vigour of field pea seedlings by colour imaging technology accounts for 20% of pulse production in South Australia and Victoria, and is the second largest pulse crop grown in Western Australia and third in New South Wales [2]. The Australian field pea industry produces approximately 400,000 metric tonnes of grain annually. Field pea and other crop legumes annually contribute approximately 5–7 million metric tonnes of biologically fixed nitrogen to cultivated soil, saving farmers $US 8–12 billion on nitrogen fertilizer costs globally [4, 5]
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