Abstract
Automation in power distribution systems and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), which perform network switching automatically and remotely, allows distribution companies to flexibly control distribution power grids. Cross-section switches also has a significant role in the automation in distribution systems, in that the operational optimization of these switches is able to enhance the supply power quality and reliability indicators, and can be a prosperous solution to increase the reliability, efficiency and overall service quality in services to customers. In this regard, in this work, the genetic optimization algorithm (GOA) approach which integrated the Steepest Descend Technique (SDT) is proposed and enhanced based on the features of the mentioned issue to sketch the optimal location and control of automatic and manual cross-section switches and protection relay systems in distribution power systems. The GOA is able to search globally that can prevent the result from locally convergence, also, GOA gives superior primary solutions for the SDT. Thus, the SDT can search locally with higher performance which increase the solutions' accuracy. Therefore, an optimization formulation is proposed to improve the value-based reliability of the suggested layout considering the cost of customer downtime and the costs related to segmentation of switches and relay protection devices. Also, a distributed generation (DG) system in distribution networks is considered based on the islanded state of generation units. The effectiveness of the optimal suggested procedure is evaluated and represented via performing a practical test system in the distribution network of Ahvaz city in Iran. The results show that using proposed method and by optimally allocating switches maneuver, energy losses without switches are reduced from 310.17 (MWh) to 254.2 (MWh), and also by using DG, losses are reduced from 554.01 to 533.61 which confirms the ability and higher accuracy of the proposed method to improve reliability indices.
Highlights
Significant efforts have been made to decrease the negative impacts of failures using distribution automation systems (DASs) with automatic protection devices like circuit breakers (CBs) or cross-sectional switches in the network
Heuristic algorithms like genetic optimization algorithm (GOA) [4], ant colony optimization (ACO) [19], simulated annealing optimization [20] and immune algorithm optimization [21] have received more attention in the technical literature review as different techniques to address the problem of optimal sectionalizing switching allocation
Considering information disparities such as the cost of disconnecting the customer are able to have a great impact on the precision of reliability assessments, which have not been taken into account in these articles
Summary
Considerable studies have been done in this area, for example, in the reference [14] an analytical technique according to the network assumptions and considering the statistical distribution of failure rate and repair time has been presented They have proposed the related method, which was based on the error problem of all power grid devices and their results in interrupting load points. In the reference [4], a framework and solution based on the concept of memetic method with a structured population has been proposed In these scientific works, several factors including switching cost, expenses of interruptions or outages of customer services and the desired number and the places of sectionalizing switches were considered to meliorate the reliability of electrical power grids. The offered technique includes 3 various cost functions, consisting of maintenance and investment cost, the cost of expected undistributed power, and the cost of power losses
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