Abstract
ObjectivesSoft tissue wounds with exposed bone often require extended healing times and can be associated with severe complications. We describe the ability of artificial dermis with autogenic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to promote the healing of wounds with exposed bone in a rat model.MethodsAdipose tissues harvested from the bilateral inguinal regions of Wistar rats were used as ADSCs. Rats were randomly divided into control and ADSC groups to investigate the efficacy of ADSC transplantation for wound healing (n = 20 per group). Soft tissue defects were created on the heads of the rats and were covered with artificial dermis with or without the seeded ADSCs. Specimens from these rats were evaluated using digital image analysis, histology, immunohistochemistry, cell labeling, and real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR).ResultsThe average global wound area was significantly smaller in the ADSC group than in the control group on days 3, 7, and 14 after surgery (p<0.05). After 14 days, the blood vessel density in the wound increased by 1.6-fold in the ADSC group compared with that in the control group (p<0.01). Real-time RT-PCR results showed higher Fgfb and Vegf expression levels at all time points, and higher Tgfb1 and Tgfb3 expression levels until 14 days after surgery in the ADSC group than in the control group (p<0.05).ConclusionsIn wounds with exposed bone, autogenic ADSCs can promote vascularization and wound healing. Use of this cell source has multiple benefits, including convenient clinical application and lack of ethical concerns.
Highlights
Rats were randomly divided into control and adipose-derived stromal stem cells (ADSCs) groups to investigate the efficacy of ADSC transplantation for wound healing (n = 20 per group)
The average global wound area was significantly smaller in the ADSC group than in the control group on days 3, 7, and 14 after surgery (p
Some wounds caused by ulcers, trauma, and various operations result in exposed bone, leading to severe complications in many cases during treatment of soft tissue
Summary
Some wounds caused by ulcers, trauma, and various operations result in exposed bone, leading to severe complications in many cases during treatment of soft tissue. Clinical reports have demonstrated its successful clinical application to promote healing by creating a vascular matrix over an exposed bone [1,2]. Several recent studies have shown that in the context of tissue injury, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit excellent potential for promoting healing and vascularization of wounds [4,5]. ADSCs are abundant in the subcutaneous adipose tissue and can be harvested using a syringe or a minimally invasive lipoaspiration procedure. They have been shown to contribute to the complex wound-repair processes, comprising inflammation, granulation, and remodeling [6,7]. Several reports have described that ADSCs show regenerative aptitudes, thereby promoting tissue repair, in several clinical fields, including plastic, orthopedic, cardiac, bone, and breast surgery [14,15,16]
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