Abstract
Poly(ADPribosyl)ation, catalysed by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases, affects many cellular events and has a recognized epigenetic role. Nuclear poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases 1 and 2 are hyper activated by DNA strandbreaks. They auto-modify with large polymers of ADP-ribose and recruit DNA repair proteins. The more the DNA strand-breaks, the more poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase modifies itself. On the other hand, dietary lipids can be signaling molecules, lead to pro-(ω6)/ anti-(ω3) inflammatory compounds, and be included in biomembranes, good biomarkers of their unbalance. Here, we report the results obtained from an epidemiological study to establish whether the combination of two different analyses, i.e. detecting auto-modified poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase levels and analyzing erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition, might help to monitor the physio-pathological state of the cell, and to correlate with lifestyle, diet or diseases. The two analyses were carried blindly on 70 subjects undergoing endoscopy. They were first interviewed, to collect anamnesis and clinical data, if present. Lymphocytes and erythrocytes were prepared from venous blood to assay poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase auto modification and membrane fatty acid content, respectively. The results were statistically evaluated. The measure of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase automodification confirmed that its levels correlate with DNA damage extent, within the same pathology, and allowed to monitor the clinical activity of the disease, depending on ongoing therapeutic/surgical treatment. Membrane fat profile was able to evidence unbalance of lipids linked to both diet/lifestyle and inflammatory states leading to diseases. Both analyses provide possible biomarkers for sensible, non-invasive and routine monitoring.
Highlights
Remodeling of chromatin is among epigenetic factors regulating gene expression [1]
There are increasing evidence that deleterious processes as membrane lipid peroxidation and DNA damage might be modulated by a correct quality of food intake and by post-translational modification reactions (namely NAD-dependent poly(ADP-ribosyl) ation), respectively
Body mass index (BMI) measured body fat based on height and weight of adult men and women to screen for weight categories that may lead to health problems, classified as under, normal, over-weight and obese
Summary
Remodeling of chromatin is among epigenetic factors regulating gene expression [1]. Epigenetic changes have been observed to occur in response to environmental exposure [2]. We report the results obtained from an epidemiological study to establish whether the combination of two different analyses, i.e. detecting auto-modified poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase levels and analyzing erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition, might help to monitor the physio-pathological state of the cell, and to correlate with lifestyle, diet or diseases. Our working hypothesis is that the combination of lymphocyte PARP automodification measure with erythrocyte membrane lipid profile, allows drawing either prognostic or diagnostic clinical picture to support therapeutic and/or nutraceutical approaches.
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