Abstract
Development of methodologies for the auralization of moving cars can be of great value for a virtual acoustic experience of urban areas. In this paper 1 1 Parts of this study were presented at the conference: Euronoise 2018, Crete, Greece a methodology for the auralization of car pass-by based on measured binaural impulse responses (BIRs) is presented. Measured BIRs for different locations in a street canyon were convolved with dry synthesized car signals in which cross-fade windows were applied in order to create a smooth transition between the source positions. Next, the convolved signals are summed in order to create the final car pass-by auralizations. A same/different listening test was carried out in order to investigate if increasing the angular spacing between the discrete source positions affects the perception of the auralizations. The experiments revealed that the auralizations with a larger angular increment (up to 16 ∘ ) are perceptually different to the reference auralizations ( 2 ∘ spacing), even in the case where the increment increased by only 2 ∘ compared to the reference. Compared to previous listening experiments of a car pass-by in the scenario without buildings it was shown that the discrimination performance of the subjects was significantly better compared to the test conditions where buildings are absent, where subjects found it very difficult to distinguish differences between auralizations of larger and smaller increment.
Highlights
The past decade, there has been an increased interest in the auralization of urban environments
The street canyon tests were performed 5 months after the first test, so it is highly unlikely that a training effect played a role; i.e. that the 10 subjects who participated in the first test performed better in the second one because they were trained
Experiments that look into the nature of difference and into the cues that subjects used to make their judgments could possibly provide further insight into the reasons that subjects were more sensitive to changes in the angular increment in a reverberant environment, such as the street canyon compared to the simplified case where buildings are absent
Summary
The past decade, there has been an increased interest in the auralization of urban environments. Most of these auralization methodologies make use of engineering methods, which are broadly used in urban noise modeling. Forssén et al [5,6] auralized cars passing by for an environment where only the ground and a noise barrier is present. They developed a method to synthesize the car signals and they used engineering method to compute the propagation path and applied resampling to model the Doppler effect.
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