Audiological findings of a patient with H syndrome: case report

Diala Hussein,Büşra Altın,Münir Demir Bajin

doi:10.1186/s43163-021-00185-8

Diala Hussein, Büşra Altın + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-021-00185-8

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Abstract

BackgroundH syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in SLC29A3. Hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hyperglycemia, and hearing loss are some characteristics of this disorder, and it has a prevalence of < 1/1000. The aim of this report is to spread awareness among otologists, audiologists, and pediatricians about this syndrome and its audiological features.Case presentationAn 8-year-old male with a diagnosed H syndrome registered to our clinic with a complaint of hearing loss. The patient was diagnosed with hearing loss in a different clinic using only the air-conducted click auditory brainstem response test which showed wave V at 60 dB nHL for the right ear and at 80 dB nHL for the left ear. The initially performed pure tone audiometry (PTA) test in our clinic revealed a bilateral asymmetric hearing loss with a moderate sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear and a profound mixed hearing loss in the left ear. The performed air conducted click auditory brainstem response (ABR) result showed wave V at 55 dB nHL for the right ear and at 70 dB nHL for the left ear. Then, the repeated PTA test revealed a mild-severe sensorineural sloping hearing loss in the right ear and a severe sensorineural hearing loss in the left ear.ConclusionAlthough hearing thresholds in H syndrome could be within normal limits in some patients, sensorineural hearing loss is an important characteristic feature for this syndrome. Sensorineural hearing loss could be progressive or of sudden onset and ranges from mild to profound. Thus, it must be taken into consideration to apply the audiological follow-up regularly and paying attention to the patient’s complaints; also, a regular follow-up for language development of children with H syndrome and for the hearing aids is advised.

Highlights

H syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in SLC29A3
H syndrome is caused by a mutation in the SLC29A3 gene that encodes the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter Human equilibrative nucleoside transporter (hENT3) [9, 10]
A mutation in the SLC29A3 gene that encodes the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter hENT3 is the cause of the H syndrome [9, 10]

Summary

Introduction

H syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in SLC29A3. Hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hyperglycemia, and hearing loss are some characteristics of this disorder, and it has a prevalence of < 1/1000. Case presentation: An 8-year-old male with a diagnosed H syndrome registered to our clinic with a complaint of hearing loss. The patient was diagnosed with hearing loss in a different clinic using only the air-conducted click auditory brainstem response test which showed wave V at 60 dB nHL for the right ear and at 80 dB nHL for the left ear. H syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder, which its name came from the major clinical and laboratory findings of cutaneous hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis, hepatosplenomegaly, heart anomalies, hearing loss, hypogonadism, low height, and hyperglycemia [9, 10]. The child has heart anomalies (aortic stenosis), hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis (Fig. 1), type 1 diabetes mellitus, hepatosplenomegaly, hard and fixed submandibular, and submental lymph nodes Otherwise, he has a normal central nervous system, normal chest on evaluation, and normal male genitalia

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