Abstract
Atypical myopathy (AM) is a severe non-exertional myopathy that affects horses at pasture. AM is caused by ingestion of the toxin hypoglycin A, found in the seeds, leaves and seedlings of sycamore trees. Hypoglycin A blocks aerobic energy metabolism in muscle fibres. Most commonly the disease occurs during the autumn and occasionally the spring months, often following periods of wet and windy weather. A definitive diagnosis requires analysis of plasma acylcarnitines or urinary organic acids, which confirms the metabolic disturbance. Treatment is symptomatic and includes fluid therapy, nutritional support and providing analgesia, while supporting mitochondrial function. The prognosis is guarded, with very high mortality rates reported.
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