Atypical morphoea, a herald of two malignancies: Lung adenocarcinoma and a neuroendocrine tumour

Abstract

Introduction: Morphoea is a disorder characterised by fibrosis and inflammation of the skin and on rare occasions can be precipitated by malignancy. Here, we describe a case of morphoea unmasking two malignancies. Case description: A 73-year-old woman presented with circumferential lower limb skin thickening, associated with violaceous, doughy oedema and significantly impaired mobility. Histology confirmed dermal sclerosis with no increased mucin and broader investigations excluded systemic sclerosis, scleromyxoedema and scleroedema. An atypical morphoea was diagnosed. In the context of atypical and subsequently treatment-resistant disease, further imaging uncovered a lung adenocarcinoma which was promptly treated. Despite this, the patient’s atypical oedematous skin sclerosis continued to progress proximally, and she developed flatulence, bloating and atypical flushing. This prompted further investigation, which revealed a metastatic neuroendocrine tumour. The patient was commenced on octreotide, with rapid improvement in all her cutaneous and systemic symptoms. Conclusion: Atypical morphoea can be a herald for an underlying malignancy, representing a paraneoplastic presentation. Progressive treatment-resistant morphoea may be an indicator of metastatic disease, or in our case a second malignancy.