Abstract
The sub-cycle interaction of light and matter is one of the key frontiers of inquiry made accessible by attosecond science. Here, we show that when light excites a pair of charge carriers inside of a solid, the transition probability is strongly localized to instants slightly after the extrema of the electric field. The extreme temporal localization is utilized in a simple electronic circuit to record the waveforms of infrared to ultraviolet light fields. This form of petahertz-bandwidth field metrology gives access to both the modulated transition probability and its temporal offset from the laser field, providing sub-fs temporal precision in reconstructing the sub-cycle electronic response of a solid state structure.
Highlights
The sub-cycle interaction of light and matter is one of the key frontiers of inquiry made accessible by attosecond science
Under which conditions does the assumption that the rate of charge-carrier injection responds instantaneously to changes in the optical intensity break down? It has been anticipated before that real-time, sub-femtosecond resolution of the coupling between light and electrons inside macroscopic bulk solids might be achievable through the use of light-field-induced currents resulting from rapid changes to the electronic properties of solids induced by strong laser fields[1]
We demonstrate in this communication that these changes can be employed as a gate to record the field evolution of electromagnetic waveforms with extremely high temporal resolution, providing petahertzbandwidth field metrology
Summary
The sub-cycle interaction of light and matter is one of the key frontiers of inquiry made accessible by attosecond science. The extreme temporal localization is utilized in a simple electronic circuit to record the waveforms of infrared to ultraviolet light fields This form of petahertz-bandwidth field metrology gives access to both the modulated transition probability and its temporal offset from the laser field, providing sub-fs temporal precision in reconstructing the sub-cycle electronic response of a solid state structure. It has been anticipated before that real-time, sub-femtosecond resolution of the coupling between light and electrons inside macroscopic bulk solids might be achievable through the use of light-field-induced currents resulting from rapid changes to the electronic properties of solids induced by strong laser fields[1] We demonstrate in this communication that these changes can be employed as a gate to record the field evolution of electromagnetic waveforms with extremely high temporal resolution, providing petahertzbandwidth field metrology. The resultant all-solidstate attosecond metrology provides real-time insight into light–matter interactions without the need for large vacuum beamlines and dedicated infrastructure but instead relying on compact and flexible tabletop setups
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