Abstract
Current research in attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities yields heterogeneous results. The aim of the present paper was to systematically review current qualitative and quantitative evidence of attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities. A systematic review of current literature (2000–2020) was carried out in the ERIC, PsychINFO, SCOPUS, PUBMED, and WebOfScience databases. Thirty-three articles were included for review. The present review protocol is registered in the PROSPERO database. Included studies presented attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities in samples comprised of staff, family, members of the community, and adults with intellectual disability. Community samples held more positive attitudes, followed by staff and family. Adults with intellectual disabilities reported interest in intimate relationships but perceived barriers in others’ attitudes. Factors such as familiarity, age, gender of the adult with a disability, and culture seemed to have clear relationships. Other factors such as gender or social status remain unclear. In general, attitudes were considered positive. However, a preference for low intimacy and friendship or Platonic relationships was found. Stereotypes towards intellectual disability may have a strong influence. These findings underline the need to investigate and address attitudinal changes to provide adequate support for adults with intellectual disabilities in regard to a healthy relational and sex life.Prospero registration number: CRD42021222918.
Highlights
Sexuality and its expression are one of human beings’ principal rights
This last study stated that further empirical research was needed, as relevant articles and reports in the field could have been missed by the review
The present paper provides an in-depth and complete systematic review of current qualitative and quantitative evidence on attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID)
Summary
Sexuality and its expression are one of human beings’ principal rights. To date, they are considered an integral part of adult life [1]. A very recent review of public opinions [16] was found, which offers a general overview of quantitative studies This last study stated that further empirical research was needed, as relevant articles and reports in the field could have been missed by the review (e.g., studies with ID populations or studies assessing attitudes that were not considered as part of the public opinion on sexuality). The present paper provides an in-depth and complete systematic review of current qualitative and quantitative evidence on attitudes towards the sexuality of adults with ID (including the views of the adults with ID themselves) It focuses on a broad population and related factors and addresses different areas of the sexuality of adults with ID. Relevant information to the research field and some strong conclusions are provided
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