Abstract
Pulmonary vein isolation is a well-established therapy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation. The standard access for left atrial procedures is a transfemoral approach. Rarely, access to the heart from an inferior approach is not feasible due to congenital or acquired interruption of the inferior vena cava. In the present case, we discuss relevant aspects and technical issues related to the superior approach for pulmonary vein isolation.
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