Atorvastatin and fenofibric acid differentially affect the release of adipokines in the visceral and subcutaneous cultures of adipocytes that were obtained from patients with and without mixed dyslipidemia

Abstract

In this study, we compared the effects of atorvastatin and fenofibric acid, which were administered alone or in combination, on the secretory function of human adipocytes that were obtained from the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of 19 mixed dyslipidemic patients and 19 subjects with a normal lipid profile.The adipocytes were incubated in vitro in the presence of atorvastatin and/or fenofibric acid. The secretory function of the cells was determined using ELISA assays.The visceral adipocytes released significantly more adiponectin and IL-6 and less PAI-1 than those that were obtained from subcutaneous tissue. The levels and patterns of adipokine release differed between the patients with or without lipid abnormalities and between the adipocytes that were obtained from visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissue. The culture that contained hypolipidemic drugs resulted in the significant changes of the release of adipokines. The effects of atorvastatin and fenofibric acid on the hormonal function of human adipocytes may be, in part, responsible for the clinical efficacy of these drugs in the prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia-related cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The study supports the concept that the pleiotropic effects of fenofi-brate and atorvastatin may be, in part, a result of their impact on the secretory function of adipocytes.