Atomism In Vaisheshik Philosophy: An Analysis of the Fundamental Building Blocks of The Universe

Abstract

This research paper explores the concept of atomism within the Vaisheshik philosophy, one of the six orthodox schools of ancient Indian philosophy. Vaisheshik, propounded by sage Kanada, postulates that the universe is composed of discrete, indivisible entities known as atoms, ('anu' in Sanskrit). The discussion focuses on the conceptualization of these fundamental entities, their classifications, and their combinations resulting in the composite universe. This paper delves into the fundamental principles of Vaisheshik philosophy, examines the nature and characteristics of atoms according to this school of thought, and discusses their significance in understanding the structure of the universe. The article provides a critical analysis of atomistic theory in relation to modern scientific understandings, highlighting the Vaisheshik system’s relevance and compatibility in contemporary philosophical and scientific discourse. It examines the philosophical implications of atomism, probing how these atomic theories contribute to the broader understanding of reality, perception, and the inherent order or 'dharma' governing the universe. Moreover, the article explores the interplay between the microcosmic atomic realm and the macrocosmic universal phenomena. Through a meticulous examination of this ancient philosophy, the article underscores the enduring nature of Indian philosophical thought and its intersection with modern science. By exploring the atomistic perspective of Vaisheshik, this research aims to contribute to a broader understanding of ancient Indian philosophical systems and their approach to cosmology.