Abstract
A newly modified paper-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (P-ELISA) was established by immobilizing more proteins on the paper surface through an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) reaction. In addition, introducing graphene oxide (GO) sheets, Au nanoparticles (AuNps) and two primary antibodies (Ab1s) led to signal amplification and cost reduction.
Highlights
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an effective and powerful method for protein detection and has been widely used for immunoassays, especially those for detecting and measuring trace biomarkers in complex samples
In order to investigate the properties of treated paper, the following experiments were carried out
The results showed that compared with the unmodified paper, the paper modified by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) had a stronger binding to
Summary
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is an effective and powerful method for protein detection and has been widely used for immunoassays, especially those for detecting and measuring trace biomarkers in complex samples. The main reason for this issue is that proteins have a low adhesion to paper [1,2,3]. To solve this problem, several groups have performed many studies and partially solved the problem. The Chen group increased the signal by employing multi-enzyme carbon nanospheres, the Zhao group enhanced the signal by plasma treatment of paper for protein immobilization, and the Dong group increased the sensitivity by
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