Abstract
The ATLAS Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is the central section of the hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment and provides important information for reconstruction of hadrons, jets, hadronic decays of tau leptons and missing transverse energy. This sampling calorimeter uses steel plates as absorber and scintillating tiles as active medium. The light produced by the passage of charged particles is transmitted by wavelength shifting fibres to photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), located on the outside of the calorimeter. The readout is segmented into about 5000 cells (longitudinally and transversally), each of them being read out by two PMTs in parallel. To calibrate and monitor the stability and performance of each part of the readout chain during the data taking, a set of calibration systems is used. The TileCal calibration system comprises cesium radioactive sources, Laser and charge injection elements, and allows for monitoring and equalization of the calorimeter response at each stage of the signal production, from scintillation light to digitization. Based on LHC Run 1 experience, several calibration systems were improved for Run 2. The lessons learned, the modifications, and the current LHC Run 2 performance are discussed.
Highlights
The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) Calorimeter of ATLAS [1] is a sampling calorimeter made of scintillating tiles as active medium and steel plates as absorbers
The light produced by charged particles through scintillating tiles are collected by wavelength shifting fibres and transmitted to the photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)
The signal generated by the Cs source is collected through a special readout that integrates the analog PMT signals
Summary
The TileCal Calorimeter of ATLAS [1] is a sampling calorimeter made of scintillating tiles as active medium and steel plates as absorbers. Integrators measure the integrated current from the PMTs. The reconstructed energy of each channel, E(GeV), is derived from the raw response, A(ADC), as follows: E(GeV ) = A(ADC)CADC→pC CpC→GeV CCesium CLaser. The reconstructed energy of each channel, E(GeV), is derived from the raw response, A(ADC), as follows: E(GeV ) = A(ADC)CADC→pC CpC→GeV CCesium CLaser This relation is established for each TileCal channel. A monitoring of beam conditions and Tile optics with the so-called integrator system (minimum bias) can be used in combination with Laser and cesium results to understand channel gain deviations, because the calibration tools follow different and partially overlapping readout paths allowing for easier identification of potential failure and for crosschecks
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