Athletics in the aspects of professional students’ training, health improvement process, efficiency improvement, elimination of the physical condition shortcomings

Abstract

The historical conditions of origin and development of athletics are considered in the article; views on athletic gymnastics in the light of preparing a person for professional activities, health improvement process, efficiency improvement, the possibility of using athletics as a means of physical recreation and, under certain conditions - physical rehabilitation and elimination of physical development shortcomings. The authors considered the different views of physical education specialists on the peculiarities of athletic training; review of strength training characteristics was made through the prism of coordinates according to the vectors: professional training, sports training, leisure (physical recreation), athletics as a means of physical rehabilitation. The content of the term “Special Strength” is defined in the article and an attempt is made to interpret its essence through the characteristics of the strength training features, which are covered by the authors of the scientific literature. According to law enforcement specialists, in the process of special physical training “it is necessary to use exercises to develop special strength and work on the development of those muscle groups that are essential in performing techniques of physical impact” [10, p. . 71]. This statement is consistent with the recommendations of F. Devalier and M. Gandill in the creation of a strength training program for MMA fights, which emphasizes: “focus on what works best; 2) open up to what you need.” [1, p. 7]. In the fundamental works of V. M. Platonov and M. M. Bulatova context of this vision is manifested as a recommendation of scientists to adhere to factors, one of which is – “the possibility of implementing the combination principle in the development of power and other motor skills and the technical skills formation” [8, p.110].
 The article describes the importance of strength exercises in the context of the possibility to use them in the forms, means and methods of therapeutic gymnastics and gives examples of their effective use. The authors see the possibility of using athletic gymnastics in physical rehabilitation programs (conditionally highlighting the motives of activity as the desire to correct physique, restore body functions, improve muscle condition, increase strength), on the examples of successful rehabilitation methodological developments of famous athletes Yuri Petrovich Vlasov and Valentin Ivanovich Dikul.