Abstract
The reduction of Green-House Gas Emissions (GHGE) goes through a sum of solutions that need to be tuned to the local context in terms of energy needs and resources, and also to the demand and offer variations with time. The housing heat consumption is particularly concerned as it is seasonal and rarely in phase with the deliverability of alternative or renewable energy sources. This paper studies heat storage in saline untapped aquifers as a solution to overcome the time lag between production and consumption. This process applies to heat networks that supply dense housing complexes. Firstly, a methodology is described to size an Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) project as a function of the heat production and consumption characteristics on the one hand, and of the recovery factor of the stored heat on the other hand. The major role played by this recovery factor leads to a review of thermal losses of various origins and to a sensitivity study of influent reservoir parameters such as the aquifer thickness, productivity and heterogeneity, for the purpose of aquifer selection and storage project management.
Highlights
In France, the residential and tertiary sector contributed in 2006 for 44% of the total energy used by all sectors and for 24% of total CO2 emissions (2007 key data from the ADEME, the French Agency for the Environment and the Energy Management)
The fatal energy produced by industrial installations running from year’s end to year’s end does not find any use during summer, whereas heat consumption peaks often need resorting to fossil energy sources during winter
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage in deep saline aquifers is considered for two reasons that are the volume of water to be stored, and because regulations regarding the exploitation of shallow fresh water aquifers for other uses than fresh water consumption tend to become very restrictive
Summary
Résumé — Contribution du stockage d’énergie thermique en aquifère au bilan énergétique lié à l’habitat : méthodologie d’évaluation rapide — La réduction des Gaz à Effet de Serre (GES) passe par un ensemble de solutions qui doivent être adaptées au contexte local des besoins et ressources en énergie, ainsi qu’aux variations de l’offre et la demande au cours du temps. This paper studies heat storage in saline untapped aquifers as a solution to overcome the time lag between production and consumption This process applies to heat networks that supply dense housing complexes. A methodology is described to size an Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) project as a function of the heat production and consumption characteristics on the one hand, and of the recovery factor of the stored heat on the other hand. The project reported by Housse and Despois (1985) failed because it involved the storage of a high-temperature fluid, at 180°C, which led to troublesome deposits (salt precipitation) and to technological failures of well equipment Despite these failures, heat storage seems to have regained some interest in the recent years for obvious incentives of energy saving and management in conjunction with environmental concerns. The methodology starts with a quantification of seasonal storage requirement on the basis of a preliminary characterization of heat consumption and production profiles
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