Abstract
The Inca citadel of Machu Picchu is usually interpreted as a royal estate of the Inca ruler Pachacuti. This idea is challenged here by a critical reappraisal of existing sources and a re-analysis of existing evidences. It is shown that such evidences actually point at a quite different interpretation. This interpretation is suggested, on one side, by several clues coming from the urban layout, the interior arrangement of the town, the ancient access ways, the position with respect to the landscape and the cycles of the celestial bodies in Inca times and, on the other side, by a comparison with known information about the Inca pilgrimage center on the Island of the Sun of the Titicaca lake. Altogether, the abovementioned clues lead to propose that Machu Picchu was intentionally planned and built as a pilgrimage center connected with the Inca cosmovision.
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