Abstract
Objective: To identify associations of fatty acids (FAs) with the antioxidant enzymes in the blood of men with coronary atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease (IHD). Methods: The study included 80 patients: control group—20 men without IHD, the core group—60 men with IHD. The core group was divided into subgroups: subgroup A—with the presence of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, subgroup B—with the absence of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. We analyzed the levels of FAs, free radicals, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood. Results. Patients with IHD, compared with the control group: (1) had higher levels of SOD, CAT, myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, and octadecenoic FAs; (2) had lower levels of GPx, α-linolenic, docosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, and arachidonic FAs. In subgroup A there were found: (1) negative associations of SOD—with linoleic, eicosatrienoic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic FAs, positive associations—with palmitic acid; (2) positive correlations of CAT level with palmitoleic and stearic acids; (3) negative associations between of GPx and palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic and octadecenoic FAs. Conclusions: Changes in the levels of antioxidant enzymes, and a disbalance of the FAs profile, probably indicate active oxidative processes in the body and may indicate the presence of atherosclerotic changes in the vessels.
Highlights
Introduction published maps and institutional affilIt is widely acknowledged that atherosclerosis is a pathophysiological process that leads to the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) [1,2]
According to data for 2013, the total incidence of IHD increased by 13.25% over 10 years, and the number of deaths amounted to 7.4 million people, which is a third of all deaths [3,4,5]
When analyzing the clinical characteristics of the subgroups, it was revealed that a history of myocardial infarction (MI) occurred in 81% of cases in subgroup A and 61% in subgroup B, but there was no statistically significant difference (Table 2)
Summary
It is widely acknowledged that atherosclerosis is a pathophysiological process that leads to the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) [1,2]. There is a unanimous opinion that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [6]. A disbalance between pro-oxidants and the antioxidant defense of the body leads to the activation of the inflammatory signal and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, which, in turn, contributes to the occurrence and development of IHD [7]. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are some of the key enzymes of the antioxidant system. The SOD is the most active enzyme against reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the myocardium [8]. Due to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, as well as the ability iations
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