Associations Between Skeletal Muscle Mass, Grip Strength, and Physical and Cognitive Functions in Elderly Women: Effect of Exercise with Resistive Theraband.

Insu Kwon,Yoonjung Park,Chul-Ho Shin,Ji-Seok Kim,Jong-Hee Kim

doi:10.20463/jenb.2019.0023

Insu Kwon, Yoonjung Park + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.20463/jenb.2019.0023

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationships between muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical and cognitive functions and to examine the effects of resistive Theraband® exercise on sarcopenia-associated variables in the older population. A total of 28 elderly women (age: 69.90 ± 0.8 years) participated in this study, 15 of whom underwent elastic band exercise for 1 hour per day, twice per week for 8 weeks. The correlation analysis was conducted to identify the associations between body composition, skeletal muscle mass indices, grip strength, and physical and cognitive functions. All variables were assessed at baseline and post-exercise. Skeletal muscle mass was significantly associated with grip strength and physical function. Gait speed was positively correlated with grip strength and physical function, but not with cognitive function. Theraband® exercise significantly improved gait speed and physical function. The present data suggest that skeletal muscle mass is highly correlated with grip strength and physical function. Eight weeks of resistive Theraband® exercise favorably affects sarcopenia by improving gait speed and mobility of elderly women.

Highlights

The rapid growth of the elderly population has become a major public concern
Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) showed a positive correlation with skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.547, p = 0.003) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)/height[2] (r = 424, p = 0.024) and a negative correlation with body fat percentage (r = -0.915, p < 0.001) and body fat mass (r = -0.725, p < 0.001)
Skeletal muscle mass was significantly associated with grip strength (r = 0.490, p = 0.008) and physical function in the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test (r = -0.391, p = 0.040), but not with gait speed

Summary

Introduction

In South Korea, individuals aged 65 and over accounted for 14.3% of the population in 2018, and this proportion is expected to reach 40.1% in 20601. These changes have led to older people paying more attention to health care and the management of age-associated health problems such as sarcopenia[2]. The American College of Sports Medicine recommended resistance exercise as a powerful modality for increasing the muscle mass and strength for the elderly[5]. Falhman et al.[7] demonstrated that resistance exercise with an elastic Theraband® could increase muscle mass and strength in elderly individuals with functional limitations. Treiber et al.[8] demonstrated that Theraband® exercise could be beneficial for improving functional performance in athletes

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