Abstract
The work consisted of the morpho agronomic evaluation of coffee crop under the influence of intercropping with different types of green manures. The experiment was carried out in the Southern Region of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental plot consisted of five plants per experimental unit, using the clone "Incaper 8142" Conilon Vitória, intercropping with different types of green manure plants, which were: guandu beans (Cajanus cajan), pig bean (Canavalia ensiformis), mucuna preta (Mucuna Pruriens) and Mexican margaridão (Tithonia diversifolia) in addition to a control treatment without green manure. The planting consisted of rows adjacent and located in the “upper interline” meaning is not clear of the coffee crop. The morpho agronomic characteristics evaluated were: plant height, orthotropic branch diameter, plagiotropic branch diameter, number of leaves, number of nodes, number of orthotropic branches, number of plagiotropic branches and productive nodes e productivity green coffee kg/ha, besides the main dependent: The characteristics of greatest direct contribution were number of nodes and number of productive nodes. The species of green fertilizer Mexican Margaridão (Tithonia diversifolia) provided a negative effect on the main variables related to production, and is not recommended for interplanting with robusta coffee.
Highlights
Coffee is a highly prized beverage in various parts of the world, production estimates for 2019-2020 are 167.4 million bags of green coffee, and 42.8% of this total corresponds to the species Coffea Canephora Known as conilon or robusta (International Coffee Organization - ICO, 2019)
The species of green fertilizer Mexican Margaridão (Tithonia diversifolia) provided a negative effect on the main variables related to production, and is not recommended for interplanting with robusta coffee
Among them are the number of node (NO) on diameter of plagiotropic branches (PRD) with (0.60 and 0.64 one and two rows of green manure), number of plagiotropic branch (NRP) in the management 50% and diameter of the plagiotropic branch (DRP) (0.66), in the same variable correlated with number of leaves for both one and two rows of green manure of 0.88 and 0.86 respectively, in the correlations of productive node (NP) and stem diameter (DRO) in the management 50% values of positive magnitudes (0.64) were provided, which does not occur in the 100% management in which a negative magnitude
Summary
Coffee is a highly prized beverage in various parts of the world, production estimates for 2019-2020 are 167.4 million bags of green coffee, and 42.8% of this total corresponds to the species Coffea Canephora Known as conilon or robusta (International Coffee Organization - ICO, 2019). This percentage represents 71.72 million bags, 1.5% more than the previous harvest. Espírito Santo concentrates its agriculture on the production of coffee, especially Coffea canephora, which contributes approximately 76% of Brazilian conilon production. The production cost of this crop remains high, with the need to prioritize techniques that aim to reduce these costs
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