Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to analyze the relationships between dry land strength and power measurements with swimming performance. Ten male national level swimmers (age: 14.9 ± 0.74 years, body mass: 60.0 ± 6.26 kg, height: 171.9 ± 6.26, 100 m long course front crawl performance: 59.9 ± 1.87 s) volunteered as subjects. Height and Work were estimated for CMJ. Mean power in the propulsive phase was assessed for squat, bench press (concentric phase) and lat pull down back. Mean force production was evaluated through 30 s maximal effort tethered swimming in front crawl using whole body, arms only and legs only. Swimming velocity was calculated from a maximal bout of 50 m front crawl. Height of CMJ did not correlate with any of the studied variables. There were positive and moderate-strong associations between the work during CMJ and mean propulsive power in squat with tethered forces during whole body and legs only swimming. Mean propulsive power of bench press and lat pull down presented positive and moderate-strong relationships with mean force production in whole body and arms only. Swimming performance is related with mean power of lat pull down back. So, lat pull down back is the most related dry land test with swimming performance; bench press with force production in water arms only; and work during CMJ with tethered forces legs only.
Highlights
Strength parameters have been recently proposed as one of the multi-factorial phenomenon that enhances swimming performance (Tanaka et al, 1993; Barbosa et al, 2010)
Associations Between Dry Land Strength and Power Measurements with Swimming Performance and Smith, 1987; Keskinen et al, 1989; Fomitchenko, 1999; Dopsaj et al, 2003; Kjendlie and Thorsvald, 2006; Morouço et al, 2011). These findings suggest that tethered swimming might be a useful, not expensive, not invasive, small time consuming methodology to evaluate one major factor influential of sprint swimming performance; even recognizing that the movements relative to the water are somehow different than in a free swimming situation (Adams et al, 1983; Maglisho and Maglisho, 1984)
In bench press and lat pull down back, significant correlations were observed with force production in water with the whole body and arms only, and with swimming velocity for the lat pull down back
Summary
Strength parameters have been recently proposed as one of the multi-factorial phenomenon that enhances swimming performance (Tanaka et al, 1993; Barbosa et al, 2010). The assessment of specific muscle power output of both arms and legs seems to be underlying in swimming (Swaine et al, 2010) as the locomotion in the aquatic environment is highly complex, being difficult to assess the magnitude of these forces (Morouço et al, 2011). It has been purposed that as the distance diminishes strength role increases, when comparing with technical parameters (Wilke and Madsen, 1990; Swaine, 2000; Stager and Coyle, 2005; Morouço et al, 2011). Tethered swimming was proposed as a methodology to evaluate the force a swimmer can exert in water (Magel, 1970). Several approaches have shown its proximity with swimming performance in short distance events
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