Association of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis with dentoskeletal morphology in males: A cone-beam computed tomography and cephalometric analysis.

Abstract

The objective of the study was to assess the differences in dentoskeletal morphology in males with and without temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJOA). Three hundred seventy-one male participants seeking orthodontic treatment were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Each participant's osseous status was evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and classified into normal (N=104), indeterminate for TMJOA (N=110) and TMJOA (N=157) groups. The dentoskeletal characteristics were evaluated using cephalograms. Stratified analysis was performed based on age and skeletal pattern. Descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance were performed to investigate dentoskeletal differences among groups. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. The differences in posterior cranial base length, FMA, MP-OP, anterior facial height, articular angle, ramus height and L1-MP were statistically significant. After stratification by age, the differences in FMA, maxillomandibular angle, posterior facial height, facial height ratio, gonial angle and mandibular body length were statistically significant in adults. No statistical difference except for articular angle was observed in adolescents. After stratification by skeletal pattern, statistical differences were mainly apparent in skeletal Class II adults. Males with TMJOA showed a posteriorly positioned and backward-rotated mandible, especially in skeletal Class II adults. Compared with women, the craniofacial morphology of men is less affected by TMJOA. The association between TMJOA and craniofacial morphology also varied across different age groups and skeletal patterns. Prospective studies are required to clarify the cause-effect relationship between TMJOA and craniofacial morphology in males.