Abstract
The purpose of the current study is to explore the contribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of REX1 rs6815391, OCT4 rs13409 or rs3130932, and CTBP2 rs3740535 to the risk of lung cancer. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain basic information of the included subjects. A case control study was performed in 1121 patients and 1121 controls. All subjects were subjected to blood sampling for genomic DNA extraction and genotyping of the cancer stem cell-associated gene SNPs, including REX1 rs6815391, OCT4 rs13409 or rs3130932, and CTBP2 rs3740535 by real-time PCR. The association with the risk of primary lung cancer and interaction with environmental factors were assessed using unconditional logistic regression for the odds ratios and corresponding 95% confidence intervals. The genotype frequency distribution of OCT4 rs13409 loci was statistically significant, but there was no significant difference in the rest of the loci between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. The OCT4 gene was also related with lung cancer susceptibility in the genetic model after adjusting for lung cancer-related factors. Despite the presence of the dominant or recessive model, the four loci polymorphisms were associated with pollution near the place of residence, house type, worse ventilation situation, smoking, passive smoking, cooking oil fumes (COF), and family history of cancer, which increased the risk of lung cancer. Nonmarried status, 18.5≤BMI, COF, smoking, passive smoking, family history of cancer, and history of lung disease were independent risk factors of lung cancer susceptibility. Additionally, college degree or above, no pollution near the place of residence, protective genotype 1 or 2, and well ventilation can reduce the occurrence of lung cancer. There is an interaction between the four loci and environmental factors, and OCT4 rs13409 is a risk factor of primary lung cancer.
Highlights
Lung cancer is a common malignancy and the most frequent reason of malignancy-associated death worldwide; approximately 1.8 million new lung cancer patients were diagnosed in 2012, accounting for approximately 13% of total malignancy diagnoses [1]
There was a significant difference in the distribution of the educational history, marital status, body mass index (BMI), pollution near the place of residence, house type, ventilation situation, cooking oil fumes (COF), kitchen ventilator, smoking, passive smoking, drinking alcohol, history of lung
The unconditional logistic regression analysis results showed no association between REX1 rs6815391, OCT4 rs3130932, or CTBP2 rs3740535 with lung cancer susceptibility, whereas OCT4 rs13409 was associated with lung cancer susceptibility
Summary
Lung cancer is a common malignancy and the most frequent reason of malignancy-associated death worldwide; approximately 1.8 million new lung cancer patients were diagnosed in 2012, accounting for approximately 13% of total malignancy diagnoses [1]. In 2015, there were 733,000 new lung cancer cases and 660,000 cases of death in China [2]. Smoking is the key risk factor of pulmonary cancer [3]; despite a lower popularity of tobacco use in China, Disease Markers lung cancer prevalence in Chinese females is higher than in females of several European countries [1]. This indicated that other risk factors, for example genetic factors, may be part of the cause in the development of lung cancer. SNPs can modify gene product sequences, regulate gene expression, and influence gene function to change the phenotype
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