Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be a pandemic which impose a significant financial burden on developing nations in terms of resource management. As per the International Diabetes Federation 10th edition, the global prevalence in 2021 is 536.6 million, which is projected to increase to 783.2 million by 2045. The prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and its risk factors have generally received minimal attention, and eye screening compliance is often low. In order to further research and gain a better knowledge of the risk variables, this study is being done. Methods: The present study was cross sectional descriptive conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, at a tertiary care centre in South India for 24 months. All patients who were diagnosed with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes mellitus were included in the study while patients with cataract or retinopathy due to other pathologies were excluded. A recent lipid profile values of the participants were assessed. Their fundus was viewed and analyzed. Results: A total of 84 diabetic patients were included. Diabetic retinopathy, irrespective of the type, was found in 83 patients with a prevalence of 98.8%. Majority of the patients fell under the category moderate NPDR in our study. Among the lipid parameters, most of the cases have deranged triglyceride values of more than 150mg/dl. The association between the serum triglycerides and the severity of diabetic retinopathy as well as the association between the serum total cholesterol and the HbA1c was found statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of the current study clearly highlight the statistical association between the various lipid profile parameters and diabetic retinopathy. It enlightens the importance of proper lipid control in diabetic patients which in turn reduces the severity of diabetic retinopathy. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Diabetic retinopathy, Blindness, Lipid, Triglycerides
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