Association of obesity and severity of acute asthma exacerbations in Filipino children

Abstract

BackgroundIncreased body mass index (BMI) may be a risk factor for the development and severity of asthma. However, the effect of obesity on asthma exacerbations is unclear. ObjectiveTo examine the association of obesity and the severity of acute asthma exacerbations. MethodsA retrospective cohort of children aged 5 to 18 years who were seen in the emergency department and admitted for acute asthma exacerbation from 2009 to 2011 was reviewed. Weight and height data to compute the BMI were taken from the medical record review. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention BMI-for-age growth charts for boys and girls aged 2 to 20 years were used to classify underweight, normal, overweight, and obese. Severity of asthma exacerbations into mild, moderate, or severe was determined using criteria by the Global Initiative for Asthma 2010. The χ2 test of association or the Fisher exact probability test for small samples was used to determine the association between nutritional status and severity of asthma exacerbations. ResultsOf the 303 cases reviewed, most were boys with a mean (SD) age of 10 (3.8) years. The prevalence of overweight and obese children admitted for acute asthma exacerbation was 21% and 28%, respectively. No significant difference was found in the severity of asthma exacerbations, with 82.9% of the nonobese group and 86.8% of the overweight-obese group having moderate-to-severe exacerbation (likelihood ratio, 0.879; 95% CI, 0.42–0.41; P = .88). ConclusionOur findings suggest that the severity of acute asthma exacerbations was not affected by increased BMI.