Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Polymorphism with Pulmonary Functions in South Indian Population -A cross sectional study

Abstract

Objectives: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) is an elastase released by activated macrophages. Increased activity of elatase can lead to extracellular matrix degradation.The study was aimed to estimate and correlate serum MMP-9 levels and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with pulmonary function test parameters. Materials and Methods: In the current study, we have recruited healthy South Indian adults. After obtaining informed written consent, 5ml of venous blood was collected. Pulmonary function testing was done by spirometry. DNA extraction and Real time Polymerse Chain Reaction (RT PCR) was done. Serum MMP-9 and MDA levels were estimated. Results: The genotype frequency of AA, AG, and GG was 26 (21%), 53 (42%), and 46 (37%), respectively. The frequency of the “A” allele was 0.42 and the “G” allele was 0.58. On comparison, serum MMP-9 levels were found to be elevated significantly in the AA genotype. Serum MDA levels were also elevated in the AA genotype but the difference was not statistically significant. On correlation, there was a significant negative correlation between serum MMP-9 levels and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters in individuals with the AA genotype. A negative correlation was also found between MDA levels and PFT parameters in AA genotype but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Hence, we conclude that the AA genotype individuals may be more prone to extracellular matrix degradation when they are exposed to oxidative stress and environmental stressors such as smoking and air pollution.