Abstract
Association of low levels of first trimester Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein (PAPP-A) with adverse pregnancy outcomes: An observational study
Highlights
Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) levels of ≤0.4MoM is associated with small for gestational age (SGA)
Association with preterm birth
Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein (PAPP-A) is an important glycoprotein found in maternal blood that increases as pregnancy progresses [1], it is not specific to pregnancy [2,3]
Summary
Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein (PAPP-A) is an important glycoprotein found in maternal blood that increases as pregnancy progresses [1], it is not specific to pregnancy [2,3]. PAPP-A is principally expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placenta, which forms the main source of circulating maternal PAPP-A [4,5,6]. The origins of fetal growth restriction, as well as pre-eclampsia, known to be associated with placental dysfunction, are reported to occur in the 1st trimester, probably due to poor placentation secondary to suboptimal trophoblastic invasion [16]. In keeping with this logic, there is emerging evidence that low PAPP-A is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pregnancy loss, preterm birth and low birth weight [17,18]
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