Association of hydrogen peroxide with commercial fungicide formulations in the control of Asian soybean rust

Walber Luiz Gavassoni,Lilian Maria Arruda Bacchi,Wagner da Paz Andrade,Paulo Henrique Nascimento de Souza

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20200196

Walber Luiz Gavassoni, Lilian Maria Arruda Bacchi + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200196

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Abstract

ABSTRACT: In recent years, there have been reductions in the efficacy of the fungicidal control of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, thereby hindering the management of soybean rust and compromising crop yield. This study evaluated the effects of incorporating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in commercial fungicide formulations on the control of soybean rust. We conducted two experiments, one of which was performed in a greenhouse environment and the other under field conditions. In both environments, we examined the following four control programs using commercial fungicide formulations: (I) azoxystrobin + cyproconazole (quinone outside inhibitor [QoI] + demethylation inhibitor [DMI]); (II) picoxystrobin + cyproconazole (QoI + DMI); (III) pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole + fluxapyroxad (QoI + DMI + succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor); and (IV) water (H2O) (program without fungicide application), combined with the incorporation of (i) H2O2; (ii) mancozeb (positive control I); (iii) chlorothalonil (positive control II); or (iv) water (H2O) alone. Analyses of infected leaf area and grain yield revealed that the addition of H2O2 to the formulations of DMI and QoI fungicides led to a reduction in disease severity of between 33% and 44% relative to the effects of these products used alone, as well as an increase in yield and SPAD values. The use of H2O2 and multi-site fungicides alone failed to provide effective control of soybean rust. In addition to enhancing the efficacy of disease control, the use of H2O2 associated with commercial fungicide mixtures was shown to be a potential tool for the management of fungicide resistance and reduction in losses from Asian soybean rust.

Highlights

Since the arrival of Asian soybean rust (ASR) in Brazil, fungicides have been widely applied to manage the causal fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Sydow and Sydow)
Experiment I - Greenhouse We reported an interactive effect between the commercial formulations and the evaluated associations on the SPAD index and number of P. pachyrhizi uredia
In the evaluations performed at 21 and 35 days after fungicide application (DAF), it was reported that with the exception of the treatment with the commercial triple fungicide mixture, the addition of H2O2 resulted in higher SPAD values than those obtained in the ASR control programs without its addition and were similar to the means obtained with the association of multi-site fungicides (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Since the arrival of Asian soybean rust (ASR) in Brazil, fungicides have been widely applied to manage the causal fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Sydow and Sydow). Among the approaches that seek to curtail resistance development is the combination of commercial fungicide mixtures with compounds that act by interfering with vital metabolic processes of the fungal cell, as in the case of studies on the association of multisite fungicides such as mancozeb, chlorothalonil, and copper fungicides (BALARDIN et al, 2017; REIS et al, 2019; ZUNTINI et al, 2019) In this regard, within the literature on organic production, there are reports of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a low-cost compound, being used in the disinfection of fruits and vegetables with effective control of fungi such as Eutypa lata, Fusarium circinatum, Stagonosporopsis citrulli, and Pyricularia oryzae (AVER’YANOV et al, 2007; KEINATH & DUBOSE, 2017; SOSNOWSKI et al, 2013; VAN WYK et al, 2012). The disinfectant properties of H2O2 are attributed to its oxidative capacity, which contributed to the degradation of lipid membranes, DNA, and other vital components of fungal cells (LINLEY et al, 2012; MATTOS et al, 2003)

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