Association of Hemoglobin Levels among Patients with Gingivitis, Chronic & Aggressive Periodontitis - A Prospective Study

Abstract

Background Periodontitis' systemic connections are established, but the anemia link remains murky. This study probes potential associations between hemoglobin levels and distinct periodontal states - gingivitis, chronic periodontitis, and aggressive periodontitis. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study collected data from a dental institute between June 2023 and December 2023.. Information on age, gender, periodontal status, and hemoglobin levels was collected. A random sample of 30 patients was selected for each periodontal status category. Statistical analysis utilized SPSS software and chi-square tests to identify associations. Results Most patients across periodontal statuses had hemoglobin levels within the normal range. Probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss were greater in periodontitis patients, indicating disease severity. While hemoglobin levels did not significantly differ between healthy and periodontitis patients, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss proved more indicative of periodontal disease severity. Conclusion Hemoglobin levels seem inadequate for discerning periodontal severity; CAL and PPD offer clearer distinctions, corroborating existing research. Future studies should delve deeper into other blood markers, account for confounding variables, and track treatment's systemic impact to illuminate the oral-health-well-being nexus.