Abstract
ABSTRACT FTO gene polymorphisms are associated with obesity and food intake. This study aimed to investigate the association of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism genotypes with serum glucose, lipid profile and serum hormones level. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 196 randomly selected overweight adults. Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and fat-free mass were assessed. Serum TGs, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, glucose and insulin levels were measured. The FTO gene was Genotyped for rs9939609 polymorphism. Dietary intake was assessed by avalid 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The homozygotes for the FTO rs9939609 risk allele (A) had higher serum leptin (p = 0.005, F: 5.131) and lower HDL (p = 0.001, F: 7.687) level than TT genotype. The differences between TT and AT genotypes were not significant. The association remained significant for HDL level after adjustments for age and sex, calorie intake, physical activity, and BMI. The association between rs9939609 polymorphism genotypes and leptin was disappeared after adjustments for calorie intake and physical activity. In conclusion, rs9939609 risk allele was associated with higher serum leptin and lower HDL levels in overweight people. Further studies are warranted.
Highlights
Obesity has been dramatically increased over the last two decades in both low and high-income countries [1]
The fat mass and obesityassociated (FTO) gene is expressed in many tissues, the highest expression level of this gene is in the brain and hypothalamus
Many studies demonstrated that Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) such as rs9930609 are related to body mass index (BMI), obesity and related complications [8]
Summary
Obesity has been dramatically increased over the last two decades in both low and high-income countries [1]. The prevalence of obesity was recently increased in Iran and more than 50% of the Iranian population is obese or overweight. Some genes such as the fat mass and obesityassociated (FTO) gene are strongly associated with obesity and overweight [4]. The FTO gene is expressed in many tissues, the highest expression level of this gene is in the brain and hypothalamus. It is associated with the inflammatory state, food intake regulation and body metabolic rate [5,6,7]. More recent studies indicated that FTO gene variants were associated with food intake, satiety regulation and plasma level of leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin hormones [11]
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