Abstract

目的分析2019新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)重型及危重型患者D-二聚体、炎症指标、细胞因子水平与疾病严重程度的关系。方法收集华中科技大学同济医院中法新城院区山西援鄂国家医疗一队2020年2月8日至3月25日收治的41例COVID-19患者病例资料,重型28例,危重型13例,比较不同临床分型COVID-19患者的基本临床特征,入院时D-二聚体、炎症指标[WBC、ANC、降钙素原(PCT)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hsCRP)]、细胞因子(IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α)水平;比较有无D-二聚体异常患者的细胞因子(IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α)水平;并比较抗凝治疗前后患者D-二聚体、细胞因子指标(IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α)水平变化。结果41例患者中,男23例(56.1%),女18例(43.9%),平均年龄(55.4±11.9)岁。危重型患者平均年龄[(61.1±10.4)岁]高于重型患者[(52.8±11.7)岁],差异有统计学意义(t=2.264,P=0.032)。危重型患者合并高血压(χ2=10.420,P=0.001)、心血管疾病(χ2=6.972,P=0.008)、脑血管疾病(χ2=6.972,P=0.008)比例高于重型患者。危重型患者出现呼吸困难、盗汗及乏力症状比例均高于重型患者,差异均有统计学意义(χ2分别为14.898、6.972、7.823,P值分别为<0.001、0.008、0.005)。危重型患者D-二聚体、WBC、ANC、PCT、hsCRP、IL-8水平均高于重型患者,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。D-二聚体异常患者IL-2R、IL-8、TNF-α水平均较D-二聚体正常者增高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。8例预防性抗凝治疗患者D-二聚体、IL-2R、IL-6、IL-8抗凝治疗后比治疗前水平降低。结论COVID-19危重型患者存在更严重的凝血-免疫功能紊乱,动态监测D-二聚体、细胞因子水平有助于早期识别COVID-19危重型患者,抗凝治疗可能通过纠正凝血-免疫功能紊乱促进疾病好转。

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