Abstract
BackgroundAdipokines are a set of cytokines secreted by white adipose tissue that have been suggested to be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate the cross-sectional associations of a panel of representative adipokines with cardiovascular measures in a cohort of hemodialysis patients.MethodsWe measured plasma adiponectin, resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), leptin, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and adipsin levels in 366 dialysis patients and 60 healthy controls. The associations of these adipokines with systolic blood pressure (assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardiac markers (BNP, NT-proBNP, Troponin I, Troponin T) in these patients were determined by general linear models with stepwise adjustment for covariates.ResultsIn unadjusted comparison with controls, dialysis patients showed increased adiponectin, resistin, MCP-1 and adipsin levels, decreased PAI-1 concentrations (all p <0.001) and similar leptin levels (p = 0.82). On adjustment for body mass index and diabetes, however, the PAI-1 level was comparable between group (p = 0.06), whereas leptin levels became significantly higher in the patients(p <0.001). Higher adiponectin, lower PAI-1 and leptin levels were associated with higher systolic blood pressure, even after extensive adjustment (all p ≤ 0.01). Adiponectin was also consistently and inversely associated with PWV in fully adjusted models (p = 0.003). Resistin, PAI-1, leptin and adipsin showed negative associations with one or more circulating cardiac markers (all p ≤ 0.02).ConclusionsWe found significant associations between adipokines and cardiovascular measures. Our data suggest the possible involvement of adipokines in cardiovascular modulation in dialysis patients.
Highlights
Adipokines are a set of cytokines secreted by white adipose tissue that have been suggested to be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases
In the current study, we explored the cross-sectional associations of adipokines with blood pressure, arterial elasticity and circulating cardiac markers in a cohort of patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Our results demonstrated the following: (1) Compared with healthy controls, circulating adiponectin, resistin, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and adipsin concentrations were markedly elevated in dialysis patients while leptin levels remained comparable and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels were even reduced
Summary
Adipokines are a set of cytokines secreted by white adipose tissue that have been suggested to be involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Adipokines are a group of substances released from white adipose tissue and act as cytokines or hormones in vivo. To date there are over 600 secreted proteins classified as adipokines [1]. Recent research interest in their roles in cardiovascular disease has established links between these substances and the cardiovascular system [3]. Several cardiovascular alterations, including hypertension, arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction, were associated with dysregulated circulating adipokine levels [4,5,6]. Prior data suggested a “yin-yang” role of these bioactive proteins in the development of cardiovascular diseases [3]
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