Association of Activin A Levels and Body Mass Index with Human CGB (Chorionic Gonadotrophin Beta) in Ectopic Pregnancies and Missed Abortion Patients

Abstract

Background: An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants itself—typically in one of the fallopian tubes—outside of the womb. Connecting the ovaries to the womb are tubes called fallopian tubes. An egg lodged in them won't develop into a baby, and if the pregnancy goes on, it could be dangerous for your health. When symptoms do appear, they usually appear between weeks four and twelve of pregnancy. Missed abortion refers to the clinical state in which there is still an intrauterine pregnancy but it is not progressing normally. Only if the diagnosis of an incomplete abortion or an inevitable abortion was ruled out would the gestation be referred to be a missed abortion. Activin A is a protein that participates principally in reproductive functions. In the adult brain, Neuroprotective effects of activin. Pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) release is stimulated by activins, which are separated from gonadal fluids and belong to the The transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) superfamily. Activins are disulfide-linked dimeric proteins. Objectives: To estimate the concentrations in serum of Activin A in women who have been diagnosed with (missed abortion) and ectopic pregnancy, to compare them with non- missed abortion (MA) and ectopic pregnancy (Ep) healthy controls, and to explore the impact of human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-HCG) on the results. Method: The study included 120 participants ranging in age from aged 18-45 years. Thirty of them had Missed abortion and Thirty had ectopic pregnancy were diagnosed by X-ray, whereas sixty were healthy and served as a control group. The Activin A and beta-HcG levels measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay method. Body mass index "BMI" was calculated by applying the continuity formula: - Body Mass Index (Kg/m2) = Weight/Height2. Results: Women with ectopic pregnancy and missed abortion had significantly higher levels of ACV-A and human chorionic gonadotropin beta (B-HcG) than the control groups. In addition, patients in the ectopic group had a significantly lower score than patients in the missed abortion group. Conclusion:Serum Activin A can be used as indicators of Ectopic pregnancy and Missed Abortion, Obesity represented by BMI has no significant effect on patients with ectopic pregnancy or missed abortion while Serum Beta-HcG level at cutoff value of >236, ng/ml) may be a novel biomarker for assessment of women with ectopic pregnancy .