Association between vitamin D3 levels and insulin resistance: a large sample cross-sectional study

Zixin Xu,Rongpeng Gong,Xiaoxing Wei,Yue Chen,Da Li,Mingxiang Wang,Niran Feng,Gang Luo,Shuangquan Wang,Xiaofang Shen

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-04109-7

Abstract

Previous studies have shown that vitamin D3 may be a potential factor in insulin resistance, but the relationship between vitamin D3 and insulin resistance still remains controversial. At present, more research is needed to explore the relationship between vitamin D3 and insulin resistance. The samples from 2009 to 2018 in NHANES database were analyzed to Investigate the relationship and the potential mechanism. We performed a cross-sectional study of five periods in the NHANES database. Finally, 9298 participants were selected through strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, Multivariate logistic regression analysis and curve fitting were conducted to explore the relationship between vitamin D3 level and insulin resistance. Moreover, subgroup analysis was used to further prove the association. The results revealed that there was a strong association between vitamin D3 and insulin resistance (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.72–0.93). However, subgroup analyses indicated that this correlation varied between individuals and races. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D3 level and insulin resistance, which provides a new proof for exploring the influencing factors of insulin resistance. More well-designed studies are still needed to further elaborate on these associations.

Highlights

Previous studies have shown that vitamin D3 may be a potential factor in insulin resistance, but the relationship between vitamin D3 and insulin resistance still remains controversial
In this study, based on the previous literature reports and clinical experience, we introduced the following covariates: age, sex, race, income, education, waist, Urine creatinine (UCR), ALB, ALT, AST, Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Total cholesterol (TC), GGT, Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Total bilirubin (TBIL), Uric acid (UA), smoking, drinking, blood pressure
The measured fasting blood glucose value is multiplied by the insulin value and divided by 22.5, and the result value is recorded as HOMA-IR21, and those with HOMA-IR value greater than or equal to three-quarters digits are patients with insulin r esistance[22]

Summary

Introduction

Previous studies have shown that vitamin D3 may be a potential factor in insulin resistance, but the relationship between vitamin D3 and insulin resistance still remains controversial. Previous studies have demonstrated that vitamin D3 might be a potential factor of insulin r esistance[17], while the research on the association between vitamin D3 and insulin resistance still remains controversial. A randomized, double-blind clinical trial with a sample size of 162 people in 2018 by Niroomand et al showed that for patients with pre-diabetes and vitamin D3 deficiency, high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of developing diabetes[19]. Considering the problems of small sample size and inconsistent results of the published articles, it is essential to perform an analysis to reassess the effect of vitamin D3 level on insulin resistance

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion