Abstract
Aim Smoking is a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus, mainly due to decreased insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance. However, there has been little research on the effects of smoking cessation period on changes in insulin resistance. In this study, we investigated the relationships between the length of time since smoking cessation period and insulin resistance in asymptomatic Korean male ex-smokers. Methods A total of 851 male adults were included in this study. We considered several factors that can affect insulin resistance, and through multiple linear regression analysis, we assessed the effect the length of time since smoking cessation on insulin resistance in ex-smokers. Insulin resistance was represented as the insulin resistance index estimated by homeostasis model assessment. Results HOMA-IR values showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the length of time since smoking cessation (p = 0.009) in ex-smokers. After performing multiple linear regression analysis using factors that could potentially influence insulin resistance, we found that waist circumference (p = 0.026) and the length of time since smoking cessation (p = 0.039) were independent predictors of HOMA-IR in asymptomatic male ex-smokers. Conclusion The longer the smoking cessation period, the more the insulin resistance tended to decrease in asymptomatic Korean male ex-smokers.
Highlights
Smoking is a leading global cause of preventable death
77 subjects were excluded who had been diagnosed with diabetes and hypertension or were receiving treatment for such diseases or dyslipidemia; 137 subjects were excluded who had not been tested for insulin resistance
After performing multiple linear regression analyses, with factors that can potentially influence insulin resistance, we found that waist circumference (WC) and the time elapsed since smoking cessation were independent predictors of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in asymptomatic Korean male ex-smokers (Table 4)
Summary
Smoking is a leading global cause of preventable death. Due to smoking, nearly 6 million people have died and hundreds of billions of dollars are spent annually worldwide to minimize smoking practices [1]. In Korea, daily smokers decreased from 20.0% in 2014 to 17.3% in 2015 according to the OECD health data and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) [2, 3]. This suggests that smoking cessation policies such as increased in cigarette prices and the expansion of nonsmoking areas in 2015 were effective at reducing the smoking rate. This level has not yet reached the level of developed countries. We investigated the relationship between the length of smoking cessation period and insulin resistance in asymptomatic Korean male exsmokers in this study
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