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Abstract
BackgroundThe use of social media in communications regarding cancer prevention is rapidly growing. However, less is known about the general population’s social media use related to cancer screening awareness and behavior for different cancers.ObjectiveWe aimed to examine the relationship between social media use and cancer screening awareness and behavior among people without a cancer diagnosis.MethodsData were collected from the Health Information National Trends Survey 5 Cycle 1 to 3 in the United States (n=12,227). Our study included 10,124 participants without a cancer diagnosis and 3 measures of screening awareness (those who had heard of hepatitis C virus [HCV], human papillomavirus [HPV], and the HPV vaccine) and 4 measures of behavior (those who had prostate-specific antigen tests, Papanicolaou tests for cervical cancer, as well as breast cancer and colon cancer tests). Propensity-score matching was conducted to adjust for the sociodemographic variables between the social media user and nonuser participants. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of social media use by gender. Jackknife replicate weights were incorporated into the analyses.ResultsOf the 3794 matched participants, 1861 (57.6% weighted) were male, and the mean age was 55.5 (SD 0.42) years. Compared to social media nonusers, users were more likely to have heard of HCV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=2.27, 95% CI, 1.29-3.98 and aOR=2.86, 95% CI, 1.51-5.40, for male and female users, respectively) and HPV (aOR=1.82, 95% CI, 1.29-2.58 and aOR=2.35, 95% CI, 1.65-3.33, for male and female users, respectively). In addition, female users were more likely to have heard of the HPV vaccine (aOR=2.06, 95% CI, 1.41-3.00). No significant associations were found between social media use and prostate-specific antigen tests in males, Papanicolaou tests and breast cancer tests in females, or colon cancer tests in both male and female users.ConclusionsWhile social media services can potentially promote cancer screening awareness in the general population, but they did not improve screening behavior after adjusting for socioeconomic status. These findings strengthened our understanding of social media use in targeting health communications for different cancers.
Highlights
The introduction of screening for early prostate, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer detection has significantly reduced mortality rates over the past few decades [1]
Male social media users were more likely to have heard of hepatitis C virus Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) (HCV) and human papillomavirus National Cancer Institute (NCI) (HPV) compared to nonusers
Female social media users were more than twice as likely to have heard of HCV, HPV or the HPV vaccine compared to nonusers
Summary
The introduction of screening for early prostate, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer detection has significantly reduced mortality rates over the past few decades [1]. There is growing concern regarding the low proportion of cancer screening awareness and behavior in the general population and the relative disparities in cancer screening awareness and behavior due to race and ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Cancer screening awareness and behavior disparities exist according to cancer types, race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and other health care access factors [1,4,5]. Prostate, cervical, breast, and colon cancer screening rates are lower among Hispanic and Asian groups than non-Hispanic White and Black groups, declining with decreasing education levels [6]. New channels for informing target populations are needed to improve the cancer screening awareness and behavior regarding different cancers and reduce the relative disparities. Less is known about the general population’s social media use related to cancer screening awareness and behavior for different cancers
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