Abstract
Menopause is a major turning point in women's health. During that time, the reproductive span comes to an end, comprehensive health condition changes dramatically depend on age at menopause which reflects hormonal exposure. Cumulative evidences have supported that women’s reproductive health status, including menopause and estrogen levels is related to albuminuria and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nephro-protective effect of estradiol was reported in several studies. The exact mechanism is unknown, but estradiol is thought to have a protective effect on glomerular endothelial cell damage that can occur in numerous kidney disease.
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