Abstract
Odontogenic infections can directly trigger maxillary sinusitis. CBCT is an excellent choice for precise examination of maxillary sinuses and hard tissues within the oral cavity. The objective of this retrospective and the cross-sectional study was to analyze the influence of odontogenic conditions on the presence and intensity of maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickening using CBCT imaging. Moreover, periodontal bone loss and anatomic relationship between adjacent teeth and maxillary sinuses were assessed to evaluate its possible impact on creating maxillary thickening. The study sample consisted of 200 maxillary sinuses of 100 patients visible on CBCT examination with a field of view of 13 × 15 cm. The presented study revealed a significant influence of periapical lesions, inappropriate endodontic treatment, severe caries, and extracted teeth on the presence of increased thickening of maxillary sinus mucous membrane. In addition, an increase in the distance between root apices and maxillary sinus floor triggered a significant reduction of maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickening. The presence of periodontal bone loss significantly increases maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickening.
Highlights
The maxillary sinus is a pyramid-shaped cavity located in the maxilla with a mean volume of 12.5 mL [1,2]
The maxillary sinus is lined with a thin respiratory mucous membrane that firmly adheres to the periosteum, known as the Schneiderian membrane [4]
The correct identification of underlying dental conditions is highly recommended [27]. The objective of this retrospective and the cross-sectional study was to analyze the influence of odontogenic conditions on the presence and intensity of maxillary sinus mucous membrane thickening using CBCT imaging
Summary
The maxillary sinus is a pyramid-shaped cavity located in the maxilla with a mean volume of 12.5 mL [1,2]. The maxillary sinus is connected with the nasal cavity by the ostium. Its main functions include e.g., reducing the overall weight of the skull, and contributing to the olfactory process [3]. The maxillary sinus is lined with a thin respiratory mucous membrane that firmly adheres to the periosteum, known as the Schneiderian membrane [4]. Healthy maxillary sinus mucosa may not be visible on radiographs, and its thickness does not exceed 2 mm [5]. Mucosal thickening greater than 2 mm is considered pathological [6]
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