Abstract
AimTo evaluate the association between obesity and periodontal disease and the mediating effect of oral hygiene, systemic inflammation and carbohydrate intake.Material and methodsSubjects born in 1982 in Pelotas, Brazil (n = 5,914), have been followed for several times. Oral health was assessed in a representative sample of 720 individuals at 24 years. Obesity, waist circumference and number of episodes with obesity between 15 and 23 years of age were the main exposures. Mediating effect of oral hygiene, C-reactive protein level and carbohydrate consumption was also assessed.ResultsObese individuals were more likely to have ≥2 teeth with gingival bleeding. However, after adjusting for confounders, the association was not statistically significant [OR (obese × 2 or more teeth) 1.72 (95% CI: 0.95, 3.11)] and adjustment for potential mediators decreased the OR (OR = 1.38). The risk of presenting calculus in obese subjects was 10% higher [PR 1.10 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.18)]. The number of episodes of obesity between 15 and 23 years was associated with dental calculus. Periodontal pockets were not associated with obesity.ConclusionSystemic inflammation and oral hygiene may be mediating the association between obesity and gingivitis. Obesity was not associated with periodontal pockets in young adults in this cohort.
Highlights
After adjusting for potential mediators oral hygiene plus C-reactive protein, the magnitude of association with obesity decreased by 47% [OR 1.38]
Concerning waist circumference, the chance of having two or more teeth with gingival bleeding was higher in individuals with waist circumference at level 1 and this association remained even after adjustment for confounding factors [OR, 2.03], whereas among subjects with waist circumference at level 2 the OR was of 1.36
The present findings suggest that gingivitis in two or more teeth is related to obesity, and this association is partly mediated by oral hygiene and systemic low-grade inflammation
Summary
To evaluate the association between obesity and periodontal disease and the mediating effect of oral hygiene, systemic inflammation and carbohydrate intake. This study aimed to assess the association between obesity among young adults and periodontal disease and the mediating effect of oral hygiene, systemic inflammation and carbohydrate intake
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