Abstract
The association of thyroid disease and Ménière’s disease would suggest that both are autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relation of goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis with Ménière’s disease. The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort data from 2002 through 2015 were used. The 8183 adult patients with Ménière’s disease were 1:4 matched with the 32,732 individuals of the control group for age, sex, income, and region of residence. The previous histories of thyroid disorders including goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were investigated using conditional logistic regression analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted, including for age and sex. Smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, Charlson Comorbidity Index, histories of benign paroxysmal vertigo, vestibular neuronitis, other peripheral vertigo, thyroid cancer, and levothyroxine medication were adjusted in the models. The histories of goiter (5.7% vs. 4.2%), hypothyroidism (4.7% vs. 3.6%), thyroiditis (2.1% vs. 1.6%), hyperthyroidism (3.6% vs. 2.5%), and autoimmune thyroiditis (0.99% vs. 0.67%) were higher in the Meniere’s disease group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). The histories of goiter, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were associated with Ménière’s disease (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04–1.36] for goiter, 1.21 [95% CI 1.02–1.44] for hypothyroidism, and 1.27 [95% CI 1.09–1.49] for hyperthyroidism, each of P < 0.05). In subgroup analyses, hypothyroidism was associated with Ménière’s disease in < 65-year-old women. Hyperthyroidism was related with Ménière’s disease in women overall. Thyroid diseases of goiter, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were associated with Ménière’s disease.
Highlights
The association of thyroid disease and Ménière’s disease would suggest that both are autoimmune diseases
Autoimmune thyroid disease is thought to be associated with other organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as Addison’s disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency, and chronic active hepatitis, and non-organ-specific, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus e rythematosus[4]
Shared genetic predispositions and pathophysiology are thought to influence the association between autoimmune thyroid disease and many other autoimmune diseases[4,5]
Summary
The association of thyroid disease and Ménière’s disease would suggest that both are autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to investigate the relation of goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune thyroiditis with Ménière’s disease. The abnormal thyroid function is primarily manifested as hyperthyroidism in Graves’ disease and hypothyroidism in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, both diseases shared common pathophysiology of genetic and epigenetic causes resulting in thyroid autoimmunity[8]. The hypothesis of the present study was that other thyroid diseases, besides hypothyroidism, might have an impact on the occurrence of Ménière’s disease, because of the autoimmunity and metabolic changes according to the abnormal thyroid function. To delineate the association of various thyroid diseases with Ménière’s disease, the histories of goiter, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and hyperthyroidism were compared between Ménière’s disease and control groups
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