Abstract
Genetic factor is one of important influencing factors of essential hypertension, and family history (FH) is an important marker of genetic factors. To explore the association between family history and the onset age of essential hypertension in Han population in Shanghai China. According to l:l matched pairs design, 342 cases of hypertension and 342 controls were selected and investigate their nuclear family members in the case-control study. The diagnostic information of hypertension in all relatives of these two groups was investigated. The method of genetic epidemiology research was used to explore the effect of family history. The average prevalence of hypertension was 23.32%. The prevalence of hypertension of first-degree relatives was 33.99%; the prevalence of second- degree relatives was 17.60%; the prevalence of third-degree relatives was 13.51%. All prevalence of hypertension of case group relatives were significantly higher than that of control group relatives. The average onset age in population with positive FH is 48.74±11.16 years old, and the average onset age in population with negative FH is 54.38±9.87 years old. The difference about two FH groups showed statistically significant (t=4.589, P<0.001). The average onset age of offspring with father, mother, grandpa, grandma, maternal grandpa or maternal grandma positive was respectively 48.42± 11.16, 49.16±11.12, 39.55±11.95, 39.88±11.90, 43.67±9.77 or 43.64±10.21 years old; and the average onset age of children with father, mother, grandpa, grandma, maternal grandpa or maternal grandma negative was respectively 51.90± 10.81, 51.17±11.04, 51.07±10.59, 51.08±10.60, 50.50±11.09 or 50.57±11.06 years old. The difference about two groups showed statistically significant. Family history has a positive effect on the occurrence of hypertension, and lead to earlier age of onset of offspring. The effects are different among parent and grandparent in Han in Shanghai China.
Highlights
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease caused by genetic and environmental factors, The interaction of genes and genes, genes and environment lead to the risk of different populations and individuals suffering from the disease
The results suggest that the onset age of hypertension of children with grandpa or grandma positive was about 11 years earlier likely than that of children grandpa or grandma negative
It is well known that the genetic factors play an important basic role in the occurrence of hypertension, and family history is a sign reflecting the main role of genetic factors
Summary
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease caused by genetic and environmental factors, The interaction of genes and genes, genes and environment lead to the risk of different populations and individuals suffering from the disease. Some studies suggest that there are two major factors affecting the incidence of hypertension: one is the genetic factor; the other is environmental factors [1-11]. EH is a complex disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors, in addition to genetic factors, several evidence suggest that stress contributes to the genesis of EH. There are many studies on genes or chromosomal loci that are linked to EH, but the results are controversial [12–19]. This difference is probably due to the small sample size of single study and the different source of the population. Complex diseases with common effects and the influence of genetic factors on hypertension is about 20% -55% [20-21]
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