Abstract
ObjectivesDietary diversity is a widely accepted recommendation to encourage a nutritionally appropriate diet and prevent chronic diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the association between dietary diversity score (DDS) and the risk of prediabetes among Korean population. MethodsStudy subjects were 7,405 participants (3,392: men; 4,013: women) from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) aged 40–69 years. Foods are classified as five food categories (grains, meat and alternatives, vegetables, fruits and dairy products). When a subject consumes foods in each category at least per week, dietary diversity scored 1. Based on DDS, subjects were divided into three groups (≤3, 4 or 5). ResultsDuring the 12-year follow-up period, the cumulative incidence of prediabetes was 31.87%. Subjects with higher DDS showed a decreased incidence of prediabetes compared to those with lower DDS. DDS was associated with reduced risk of prediabetes [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.834, 95% CI: 0.74–0.94, p-trend = 0.007] after adjustment for potential confounders. Subjects with higher DDS had lower intake of grain and higher intake of dairy, meat, fruit, non-salted vegetable group (P-trend < 0.0001). Moreover, Subjects with higher DDS had lower intake of carbohydrates (P-trend < 0.0001). ConclusionsThese results suggested that diverse diets comprised of five food categories might potentially reduce the risk of prediabetes in Korean adults. Funding SourcesThis research was supported by the BK21 FOUR (Fostering Outstanding Universities for Research) funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE, Korea) and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).
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