Abstract
Biofilm formation is a critical virulence factor responsible for treatment failure and chronicity in orthopaedic device-related infections (ODIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Clonal lineages differ in terms of their biofilm forming capacities. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the clonal complex (CC) affiliation and biofilm phenotype of 30 clinical S. aureus isolates responsible of ODI based on i) early biofilm formation using BioFilm Ring Test® and mature biofilm formation using crystal violet assays, ii) biofilm composition using DNase and proteinase K activity, and iii) prevention of biofilm formation by cloxacillin, teicoplanin and vancomycin using Antibiofilmogram® (biofilm minimal inhibitory concentration–bMIC). In terms of early biofilm formation, the CC30 strains were significantly slower than the CC5, CC15 and CC45 strains. CC45 strains produced significantly more mature biofilm than other group of strains did. The formation of biofilms was highly dependent on the presence of extracellular DNA in the CC5, CC15 and CC30 strains whereas it was mostly dependent on the presence of proteins in CC45. Finally, the CC30 group highlighted higher proportion of susceptible (bMIC < breakpoints of EUCAST guidelines) for cloxacillin, teicoplanin and vancomycin compared to the other CCs. These results demonstrate that the biofilm phenotype of clinical S. aureus isolates from ODIs is strongly related to their respective CC affiliation.
Highlights
Orthopaedic device-related infections (ODIs) are considered as difficult to treat complications involving prosthetic devices [1]
We reported that the biofilm minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) corresponding to the antibiotic concentration that prevents biofilm establishment, can be assessed using new Antibiofilmogram1 tests [13]
The lineage-dependence of the biofilm phenotype was only investigated for the four clonal complex (CC) with large enough sample sizes (i.e. CC5, CC15, CC30 and CC45)
Summary
Orthopaedic device-related infections (ODIs) are considered as difficult to treat complications involving prosthetic devices [1]. Surgical intervention by debridement-lavage or prosthesis replacement is typically required, in association with prolonged antimicrobial therapy [2,3]. Lineage-dependent biofilm formation in S. aureus publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section
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