Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the association between adherence to the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (Food Guide score) and sleep quality in Japanese college students. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 175 Japanese college students aged 19–22 years in the eastern part of Gunma Prefecture to examine the association between the Food Guide score and sleep quality. A self-administered diet history questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess habitual dietary intake and sleep quality, respectively. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratios for poor sleep quality in the middle and highest tertile categories of the Food Guide score were 0.50 (95% confidence interval, 0.18–1.37) and 0.30 (95% confidence interval, 0.11–0.84), respectively, compared with those in the lowest tertile category (p for trend = 0.033). A well-balanced diet may be associated with good sleep quality in Japanese college students.
Highlights
The daily lifestyle in Japan is diversifying
A significant association was found between the Food Guide score and current drinker (p < 0.05)
These results suggest that a higher Food Guide score indicates a well-balanced dietary intake characterized by the consumption of meats, fish, eggs and soy products, milk and milk products, and fruits, and may be associated with better sleep quality
Summary
The daily lifestyle in Japan is diversifying. Good sleep for college students is considered to play an important role in the maintenance of mental and physical health [1,2]. The Lifetime Survey by the Japan Broadcasting Corporation reported that, after 1970, the number of sleeping hours on weekdays has been decreasing in Japanese students in their 20s [4]. Previous studies on the sleep quality of college students have elucidated that they have a short sleep duration [5,6], that their sleep duration changes by 1–2 h day by day, and that they experience delayed sleep phase [7], daytime sleepiness [8], and have difficulty getting to sleep [6]. Previous studies have reported that subjective sleep quality is associated with psychological well-being, such as depression and anxiety [9]. Other epidemiological studies have shown that short sleep duration is associated with obesity [10], mortality risk [11], and cardiovascular disease [12]
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