Abstract
Based on planar grating Fresnel diffraction theory, the correlation between Talbot positive self-image and negative self-image for spherical wave illuminating on planar grating is analyzed by theoretical and experimental methods. The results indicate that Talbot positive and negative self-images of orders 0 and ±1 show a checkerboard shape with periodic structure, with opposite phases when the period magnification factor M is the same. However, the detail of Talbot positive self-image is more detailed than the negative self-image, due to phase reversal and changes in Talbot distance, which imply a relationship of mutual constraints between the two images. Additionally, the peak light intensity of positive and negative self-image increases with the increase of M. Talbot positive and negative self-image are observed at corresponding Talbot distance by theoretical and experimental results, and Talbot distance of the two Talbot images is obviously divided into rapidly decreasing and slowly changing as z 0 increases.
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