Associated with hyperglycemia: a rare cause of hyperkinetic movement disorders

Abstract

Diabetic striopathy, a neurological disorder associated with diabetes mellitus, is characterized by specific changes in basal ganglia structures, particularly the striatum. Although its precise etiology remains elusive, chronic hyperglycemia, microvascular dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation are implicated. Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and neuroimaging, revealing characteristic basal ganglia abnormalities. Management focuses on optimizing glycemic control and alleviating symptoms. We present an 83-year-old woman with abrupt-onset unilateral chorea-ballismus as a case illustration, showcasing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and refining management strategies are crucial for effectively addressing this complex neurological complication of diabetes mellitus.