Assignment of Metal–Ligand Modes in Pt(II) Diimine Complexes Relevant to Solar Energy Conversion

Abstract

This work describes a comprehensive assignment of the vibrational spectra of the platinum(II) diimine bisthiolate and chloride complexes as a prototype structure for a diversity of Pt(II) diimine chromophores. The dynamics and energy dissipation pathways in excited states of light harvesting molecules relies largely on the coupling between the high frequency and the low frequency modes. As such, the assignment of the vibrational spectrum of the chromophore is of utmost importance, especially in the low-frequency region, below 500 cm(-1), where the key metal-ligand framework modes occur. This region is experimentally difficult to access with infrared spectroscopy and hence frequently remains elusive. However, this region is easily accessible with Raman and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectroscopies. Accordingly, a combination of inelastic neutron scattering and Raman spectroscopy with the aid of computational results from periodic-DFT and the mode visualizations, as well as isotopic substitution, allowed for an identification of the modes that contain significant contributions from Pt-Cl, Pt-S, and Pt-N stretch modes. The results also demonstrate that it is not possible to assign transition energies to "pure", localized modes in the low frequency region, as a consequence of the anticipated severe coupling that occurs among the skeletal modes. The use of INS has proved invaluable in identifying and assigning the modes in the lowest frequency region, and overall the results will be of assistance in analyzing the structure of the electronic excited state in the families of chromophores containing a Pt(diimine) core.