Abstract
Induced mutagenesis was employed to create genetic variation in the lentil cultivars for yield improvement. The assessments were made on genetic variability, character association, and genetic divergence among the twelve mutagenized populations and one parent population of each of the two lentil cultivars, developed by single and combination treatments with gamma rays and hydrazine hydrates. Analysis of variance revealed significant inter-population differences for the observed quantitative phenotypic traits. The sample mean of six treatment populations in each of the cultivar exhibited highly superior quantitative phenotypic traits compared to their parent cultivars. The higher values of heritability and genetic advance with a high genotypic coefficient of variation for most of the yield attributing traits confirmed the possibilities of lentil yield improvement through phenotypic selection. The number of pods and seeds per plant appeared to be priority traits in selection for higher yield due to their strong direct association with yield. The cluster analysis divided the total populations into three divergent groups in each lentil cultivar with parent genotypes in an independent group showing the high efficacy of the mutagens. Considering the highest contribution of yield trait to the genetic divergence among the clustered population, it was confirmed that the mutagenic treatments created a wide heritable variation for the trait in the mutant populations. The selection of high yielding mutants from the mutant populations of DPL 62 (100 Gy) and Pant L 406 (100Gy + 0.1% HZ) in the subsequent generation is expected to give elite lentil cultivars. Also, hybridization between members of the divergent group would produce diverse segregants for crop improvement. Apart from this, the induced mutations at loci controlling economically important traits in the selected high yielding mutants have successfully contributed in diversifying the accessible lentil genetic base and will definitely be of immense value to the future lentil breeding programmes in India.
Highlights
The lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus subsp. culinaris) is a self-pollinated, annual and diploid (2n = 2x = 14) grain legume crop with a relatively large genome of 41063 Mbp [1]
To assess the extent of induced genetic variability and divergence created by the employed mutagens, the statistical analysis was done on ten quantitative phenotypic traits, namely, days to flowering, plant height, days to maturity, number of fertile branches, number of root nodules per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight per plant, total yield per plant and harvest index per plant in M2 and M3 generations of the two cultivars of lentil
The results on the traits and populations from various applied statistical tools are presented below: Quantitative traits In M2and M3generation, genetic variability in yield with other correlated traits of lentil cultivars DPL 62 and Pant L 406, induced by gamma rays, HZ, and their combination treatments were presented
Summary
Culinaris) is a self-pollinated, annual and diploid (2n = 2x = 14) grain legume crop with a relatively large genome of 41063 Mbp [1]. Barulina [2] divided the cultigens Lens culinaris Medik. Lentil is an excellent dietary staple because of their high protein content and nutrient density that complements the nutritional deficiencies of cereal based diet. Lentil cultivation enhances the soil nutrient status by adding nitrogen, carbon and organic matter. The high market returns of lentil guarantee the economic improvement of rural livelihood. It has a high level of dietary fiber, vitamin B1, and the straw is valuable animal feed [4]
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